This article discusses HLS and DASH, the two primary HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming protocols used for video delivery, detailing their similarities, differences, and practical applications by major platforms. It highlights the importance of CMAF for enabling unified delivery of both protocols from a single encoding pipeline. The article also provides a decision guide based on device compatibility, codec support, and latency goals.
For most streaming operators, the decision is no longer HLS versus DASH at the infrastructure layer. CMAF lets a single encode-and-package pipeline serve both protocols, while Apple device support still makes HLS non-negotiable for broad reach. That leaves codec strategy and latency goals as the main technical differentiators: DASH brings codec flexibility, and both protocols now have low-latency options. The practical question is whether a workflow needs Apple compatibility, non-Apple codec efficiency, or both. Watch for deployments that standardize on CMAF with dual HLS and DASH manifests, especially in OTT and live sports.
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